Just got this book in today, and I’m already hooked. It’s a big collection of one-page essays on all the individual functions of the mind and how they can be implemented in AI.
http://www.amazon.com/Society-Mind-Marvin-Minsky/dp/0671657135/
Written in 1985, some ideas are a little bit outdated. However, most of it is still very current in today’s AI research.